◆ CIAM 
An international organization of anti-establishment and anti-traditionalism, born in 1928 by the declaration of La Sarah. Announced the Athens Charter and functional cities, and in 1956, TEAM declared the end with the 10th meeting.
◆ DID 
Densely inhabited district. An area that constitutes a group of more than 5,000 people with a population density of 40 people / ha. This amount will demarcate the extent of the city and will be used to set the urbanized area. About 1/2 of the standard density of DID, that is, the population density of 20 people / ha (both total densities) can be considered as the lower limit of forming an urban area.
◆ TEAM X 
Formed in 1959 by Mr. and Mrs. Bakema Smithsoni, Woods Rogers, Aldo van Mike, etc. who prepared the 10th meeting of CIAM. It was created by bringing together architects who are active in each country.
◆ Athens Charter 
At the 4th CIAM, functional cities were divided into housing, recreation, workplaces, transportation, and historic buildings, and data on the problems of modern cities were shown. The sun, greenery, and space were the basic principles of the three major urban environments. , Housing, labor, recreation and transportation are the basic principles of the four major functions of the city.
◆ Inner city problem 
Around the central business district of a city, the deterioration of the living environment causes a decrease in the nighttime population, a relative increase in the low-income group, and the aging of the population. Urban problems such as loss of capacity.
◆ Infrastructure 
Fundamental urban facilities that form the framework of cities such as roads, railroads, parks, water and sewage systems, and rivers.
◆ Open space 
A general term for non-built land inside and outside the city. Excludes transportation land.
◆ Open space function 
・ Prevention of expansion of urban areas (green belt, etc.) ・ Conservation of urban environment (purification of air, temperature control, securing of sunshine and ventilation) ・ Disaster prevention (prevention of fire spread, evacuation in the event of a disaster) ・ Recreation (parks, etc.) ・ Production green areas Etc.) ・ Recreation ・ Scenic ・ Conservation of ecosystem ・ Conservation of nature ◆ Open mall 
A form of promenade-like street that is set up in shopping districts and central Tokyo. This refers to the case of being outdoors with respect to an arcade that covers the entire street or a mall that is installed inside a building.
◆ Gloss density 
Density to the area of the entire area. Total density.
◆ Soundscape 
A concept that captures various sounds of living space as environmental components.
◆ Urban sprawl 
A phenomenon in which the city area expands in an insect-eating manner in a disorderly and unplanned manner. The standard of living will decline because the city will be urbanized with the urban infrastructure undeveloped.
◆ Semi-gloss density 
Density relative to the area of the block. Medium density.
◆ Donut phenomenon 
A phenomenon in which the population decreases at the cost of concentrated urban functions in the central area of a city.
◆ Net density 
Density relative to the area of a residential area. Pure density.
◆ Pilot plan 
Concept plan. It is a plan that does not require detailed numbers and contents, but rather an idea, which is just a rough manifestation of the desire to be called an index plan.
◆ Master plan 
City basic plan. Based on one planning system, each planning technology is put together to have mutual relations, and a plan that serves as a guideline for carrying out city planning with a unified intention.
◆ Master plan planning route 
・ Setting goals Set goals for the city, such as the character of the city, the image of the city, the size of the city (planned population), the target level of the environment, and the standard of living.
・ Basic concept Make a basic policy such as space image and idea and make it a tentative form. Prepare some alternatives and weigh them.
・ Basic plan Make a concrete plan based on the policy. Think about land use planning, urban transportation planning, park green space planning, etc. by department.
・ Implementation plan We will proceed legally by means in accordance with the law according to the statutory city plan.
·implementation"

◆ Megalopolis 
Big city. Several metropolitan areas and mega-metropolitan areas are connected, and organic unity is enhanced by the development of various transportation systems, information technology innovation, population concentration, etc., and functions such as economy, society, and culture are integrated with each other. area.

◆ La Sara Declaration 
In 1928, Gropius Giedion Corbusier and others gathered to announce the declaration, along with the declaration of the establishment of CIAM. It has the content of "declaring that we will cooperate and direct each other to realize our hopes on an international plan." In city planning, land distribution, transportation adjustment, and legislation must be enacted as means to satisfy the functions of housing, labor, and recreation.
Radburn system 
Design method to separate pedestrians and automobiles in residential areas ◆ Satellite city 
It is a small and medium-sized city that develops around a large city in connection with it economically. It is an area that depends on or shares certain functions while maintaining independence with the large city as the mother city.
◆ Block park 
It is a park mainly intended for use by those who live in the block, and the area is 0.25ha as standard within the range of the attraction distance of 250.
◆ Cityscape preservation 
A move to preserve historically valuable buildings on a regional scale and preserve the landscape of the time.
◆ A general term for facilities that have a nuclear-related population group and related substance groups in their surroundings, and have the purpose of using and operating the facility itself, and have the property of regularly collecting and dissipating there.
◆ Utility tunnel 
A structure installed underground in a road to integrate and accommodate multiple underground buried objects such as electric wires, telephone lines, gas pipes, and water pipes. The construction of utility tunnels will prevent road surface digging, facilitate the maintenance of underground buried objects, and improve the urban landscape.
◆ Neighborhood park 
It is a park mainly intended for use by people living in the neighborhood, and the area of 2ha will be arranged as standard within the range of attraction distance of 500.
◆ Neighborhood unit 
It is set as a planning unit for residential areas in the area where one elementary school is set. With a population of about 8,000 to 10,000, the attraction distance is 500. Facilities necessary for living such as block parks and libraries will be considered to be provided in the neighborhood.
◆ Area classification system 
Line drawing system. A system that divides the city planning area into urbanization areas and controlled urbanization areas in order to prevent disorderly urbanization, align land use with urban facilities, and promote planned urban formation.

◆ Aerial rights 
A common name for the underground right to use the underground with the right to use only a certain range of space above the land. Recently, the need for advanced land use and three-dimensional use has increased, and the number of high-rise and underground works has increased, and the utilization of such partial usufruct has become popular.
◆ Landscape Ordinance 
The purpose is to regulate or guide the modification of components in certain areas or districts in order to preserve good landscapes such as historic landscapes or to create new attractive landscapes. Common name for laws and regulations.

◆ Area 
The range / area that uses or is related to a certain facility / facility group.
◆ Building agreement 
When the ordinance of a municipality stipulates that a building agreement should be concluded, the landowner and the landlord, etc. voluntarily determine a certain area by the agreement of all of them, and the site, location, and location of the building in that area. It is possible to conclude a building agreement that sets stricter standards than the provisions of the General Building Standards Law regarding structure, use, form, design or building equipment.
◆ Public open space 
An open space or open space on the premises of a building.
◆ City requirements 
(Local Autonomy Law, Article 8, Paragraph 1) -Having a population of 50,000 or more. -The number of units in the area forming the central city area of the ordinary local public body is 60% or more of the total number of units. -The number of persons engaged in commerce, industry and other urban businesses and those who belong to the same household as the person is 60% or more of the total population. -In addition to the items specified in the preceding items, the city facilities and other requirements as a city specified by the ordinance of the relevant prefecture must be met.
◆ Urbanized area 
Areas that are already urbanized now or areas that should be prioritized and planned for urbanization in the near future (generally within 10 years).
◆ Urbanization control area 
Areas where urbanization should be suppressed in the future. So to speak, it is an area that is limited to the construction of agricultural facilities and housing with a floor area ratio of about 10% as a green area.
◆ Urban development project 
A project that defines areas that need to be developed or maintained integrally (overall) within an urbanized area.・ Land readjustment project ・ New residential urban development project ・ Industrial park development project ・ Urban redevelopment project ・ New urban infrastructure development project ・ Residential district development project ◆ Urban redevelopment project 
The purpose is to create a safe and comfortable urban environment in the existing urban area.
◆ Mixed area of housing and engineering 

◆ Living area 
It is divided into a commuting / school zone and a usage zone, and the former, which inevitably emerged due to the dispersion of housing and workplaces of city dwellers, and the latter, which is the range of activities for using each facility, take 30 minutes to 1 hour. range.
◆ Big city 
Commonly known, it is used so that the scale increases in the order of large cities, million cities, and megacities. In other words, large cities have hundreds of thousands to millions of artificial scale, million cities have millions to millions, and megacities have millions to more than 10 million people. Including these three, it may be called a big city.
◆ Metropolitan Area 
A concept for grasping the substantive area of a city that is not bound by the boundaries of administrative districts or scenic urban areas. It shows the relationship between the center that controls the functional area and its controlled area, regardless of the big city as a concept of scale.
◆ Regional system (zoning) 
"Regionality means controlling specific lands and buildings for the purpose of ensuring health, safety, expediency and general well-being." (Norman Adams) In this way, the site / building of each area It sets standards such as structure, equipment, layout, and usage, and restricts the use of public and private land by law so that it is in line with the public interest. There is a use area system and a form area system.
◆ Regional District System Zoning System Regulation.
A system that divides an urban area or a planned urbanization site into areas or districts and restricts the use, height, form, structure, etc. of the building for each area.
◆ District park 
It is a park mainly intended for use by those who live within walking distance, and the area of 4ha will be arranged as standard within the range of attraction distance 1.
◆ District restoration (rehabilitation) 
Relocating or demolishing buildings that cannot be repaired or remodeled or buildings that deteriorate the environment, or increasing public facilities and supply processing facilities.
◆ District preservation 
Preservation by administrative guidance of architecture and city planning for areas that have sufficient functions and a healthy environment but are expected to deteriorate if left unattended, or areas with historically and culturally superior buildings. ..
◆ Garden City Theory A city plan advocated by Ebenezer Howard. Connecting cities and rural areas by railroads, public land ownership, population size restrictions, social return of development profits, urban self-sufficiency, freedom and cooperation as the framework, and then 3 million people by the garden city movement and the satellite city Le Corbusier Has influenced many city plans, including modern cities for.
1903 Letchworth as the first garden city 1919 Welwyn as the second garden city ◆ Urban (district) redevelopment  urban redevelopment.
Complete rebuilding of existing urban areas to improve the constitution and rejuvenation of cities (districts).
◆ City (district) restoration  urban rehabilitation.
Partial improvement and maintenance of cities (districts) for existing urban areas.
◆ City (district) conservation  urban conservation.
Conservation of good condition of cities (districts) for existing urban areas.
◆ Urbanization 
When viewed as a population phenomenon, it is a phenomenon in which an urban area expands spatially due to population concentration in a city. Along with this, land use will shift from rural land use to urban land use. When viewed as a social phenomenon, it can be regarded as a change in lifestyle such as consciousness and values.
◆ Technical contents of city basic plan (departmental plan) 
Land use plan, urban transportation plan, park green space plan, urban supply processing facility plan, layout plan of important facilities ◆ City plan 
Technical content related to land use, population allocation, etc., which is carried out to improve the lives of society in a certain land as a target area.
◆ City planning area 
An area designated by the prefectural governor (or the Minister of Construction if it spans two or more prefectures) as an area that needs to be comprehensively maintained, developed, and preserved as an integrated city. (According to Article 5 of the Town Planning and Zoning Act)
◆ Urban facilities 
Facilities used publicly in the city. According to Article 11 of the Town Planning and Zoning Act, the following can be mentioned. -Roads, urban high-speed rail, parking lots, and other transportation facilities. -Parks, green spaces, plazas, graveyards and other public vacant lots.・ Water services, electric public facilities, gas public facilities, sewerage, and other supply and processing facilities. -Rivers, canals and other waterways.・ Schools, libraries and other educational and cultural facilities.・ Hospitals, daycare centers, and other medical and social welfare facilities. Etc. ◆ Basic Land Law ◆ Land readjustment (business) 
Business related to change of land plot characteristics and new construction or change of public facilities, which is carried out to improve the maintenance of public facilities and promote the use of residential land for the land in the city planning area.
◆ Land trust method 
A land utilization method that allows you to enjoy development rights without giving up ownership by entrusting the land to a trust bank.
◆ Land use intensity.
A concept that expresses the amount of physical quantity or activity when a certain amount of land is used, such as population density. It depends on how the land area is taken.
◆ Land use plan 
A plan to make an appropriate and rational plan for the land in the planned area.
◆ Land use ratio 
The ratio of land area by land use to land area in a certain area.
◆ Equivalent exchange method 
A method that allows you to acquire a new building without borrowing by exchanging a part of the land with a developer.
◆ Concentric zone theory 
E. Burgess's concentric circles of land use distribution in the city based on empirical research in Chicago ◆ Specific district system / comprehensive design system 
A system that guides desirable urban development such as securing open spaces such as plazas by deregulation.
 

◆ Subcenter 
A secondary center that has developed in the surrounding area in a way that partially plays a role in the city center of a large city. With the enormous growth of the city center of a big city, commercial and business facilities that complement the city center will be concentrated at the traffic connection point, which is an intermediate point between them.
◆ Preservation scenery 
(Scenery) The act of controlling the landscape by manipulating secondary and additive elements without touching the main elements that make up the landscape.
◆ Reserved floor 
Extra floor after distributing the rights to the new building.
◆ Effective open space rate 
In urban redevelopment projects, vacant lots such as roads, plazas (including artificial plazas), and outdoor parking lots are called effective vacant lots, and the ratio to the area of the enforcement districts.

◆ Rentan City 
An area where independent cities of various sizes are linked and have a close social and economic relationship with each other.
◆ Gloss density 
Density to the area of the entire area. Total density. E171
◆ Satellite office 
A business form that allows you to create an office with OA equipment such as a personal computer installed in a terminal in the vicinity of the city, and work without having to commute to the head office every day. The purpose is to be close to work and residence, but the purpose is to control costs by distributing office functions in the city center to the suburbs by satellite.
City requirements 
(Local Autonomy Law, Article 8, Paragraph 1) -Having a population of 50,000 or more.
-The number of units in the area forming the central city area of the ordinary local public body is 60% or more of the total number of units.
-The number of persons engaged in commerce, industry and other urban businesses and those who belong to the same household as the person is 60% or more of the total population.
-In addition to the items specified in the preceding items, the city facilities and other requirements as a city specified by the ordinance of the relevant prefecture must be met.
◆ Living area 
It is divided into a commuting / school zone and a usage zone, and the former, which inevitably emerged due to the dispersion of housing and workplaces of city dwellers, and the latter, which is the range of activities for using each facility, take 30 minutes to 1 hour. range.
◆ Semi-gloss density 
Density relative to the area of the block. Medium density.
◆ Big city 
Commonly known, it is used so that the scale increases in the order of large cities, million cities, and megacities. In other words, large cities have hundreds of thousands to millions of artificial scale, million cities have millions to millions, and megacities have millions to more than 10 million people. Including these three, it may be called a big city.

◆ Metropolitan area 
A concept for grasping the substantive area of a city that is not bound by the boundaries of administrative districts or scenic urban areas. It shows the relationship between the center that controls the functional area and its controlled area, regardless of the big city as a concept of scale.
◆ Regionality (zoning) 
Regionality refers to the control of specific lands and buildings for the purpose of ensuring health, safety, expediency and general well-being. In this way, standards such as site / building structure / equipment / arrangement / usage are set for each area, and the use of public and private land is restricted by law so as to be in line with the public interest.
Regional district system  A system that divides out-of-city areas or planned urbanization areas into areas or districts and restricts the use, height, form, structure, etc. of buildings for each area.
◆ District park 
Country park.
◆ District preservation 
Comprehensive maintenance that makes the best use of the individuality and characteristics of the district.
◆ Pilot plan 
Concept plan. It is also called an index plan, and it is a plan that does not require detailed numbers and contents, but rather an idea, which is just a rough manifestation of the desire to be.
◆ Sub-city 
A secondary center that has developed into the surrounding area in a way that partially plays a role in the city center of a large city.
◆ HOPE plan 
Abbreviation for regional housing plan. Abbreviation for creating a home with a unique environment in the area.
◆ Master plan 
◆ City basic plan ◆ Master plan planning route 
1 Goal setting 2 Basic concept 3 Basic plan 4 Implementation plan ◆ Townscape preservation 
A movement aimed at creating a new town by comprehensively preserving and maintaining the historical and cultural characteristics of the land through the preservation and landscape of historical buildings. The historic townscape was gradually being destroyed, but its preservation and restoration are being reviewed from new values. Townscape preservation is impossible without efforts to complement each other between the government and citizens, including corporate citizens, and not only from the perspective of protecting from development, but also from the perspective of conservation and utilization. It is important to harmonize the town and make the most of the revitalization and individuality of the town.

◆ Geofront 
A word that combines geo (land / geography) and front (facing / front). Land It is a term that was born from the idea of focusing more on the underground space and developing it.
◆ Urbanized area 
Areas that are already urbanized or areas that should be prioritized and systematically urbanized in the near future (generally within 10 years).
◆ Urbanization control area 
Areas where development and construction are prohibited in principle in order to curb urbanization. The city planning area is divided into an urbanization area that aims to urbanize within 10 years and an urbanization control area that suppresses urbanization, and this is called a delineation.
◆ Urban development project 
A project that defines areas that need to be developed or maintained integrally (overall) within an urbanized area.・ Land readjustment project ・ New residential urban development project ・ Industrial park development project ・ Urban redevelopment project ・ Shintofu infrastructure preparation project ・ Residential district development project.
◆ Urban redevelopment project 
The purpose is to create a safe and comfortable urban environment in the existing urban area.
◆ Urban sprawl 
A phenomenon in which the city area expands in a worm-eaten manner in a disorderly and unplanned manner. The standard of living will decline because the city will be urbanized with the urban infrastructure undeveloped.
◆ Transfer of capital 
Moving the capital to another land. Different from urban relocation. Candidate sites are Mie / Tochigi / Gifu Traditional Building Preservation District 
We have extracted model districts that should be focused on landscape guidance and formation in areas and districts that are particularly important for the formation of urban landscapes, and present their policies. A district stipulated by the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties as a district for the purpose of doing so.

◆ Donut phenomenon 
Population is declining at the cost of concentration of urban functions in the central area of the city.
◆ Specific district system / comprehensive design system 
A system that guides desirable urban development, such as securing open spaces in open spaces, through deregulation.
◆ Pedestrian deck 
A pedestrian-only passage that can be called an elevated sidewalk.

◆ Pon Elf 
A pedestrian-vehicle fusion type coexistence road, which means "garden of life" in Dutch. A method of changing the roads in a residential area from a mere place of passage to a place of people's lives. In order to reduce the speed of the car, we installed meanders and humps in the traffic area, pedestrians can walk anywhere, children are allowed to play, and cars run at walking speed. Introduced a groundbreaking idea.
◆ Megalopolis 
Big city. Organic unity through the development of various transportation systems, information technology reforms, population concentration, etc. by connecting several metropolitan areas and mega-metropolitan areas.
◆ Cooperating city 
An area where independent cities of various sizes are linked and have a close social and economic relationship with each other.
◆ Satellite city 
Small and medium-sized cities around large cities that have developed economically in connection with them.
◆ Mini utility tunnel (cable box network) 
In preparation for the new media era, the idea is to underground the electricity and telephone poles that stand on the roads of the city to improve the scenery of the city, improve road traffic and disaster prevention, and make it easier to plant roadside trees. , A utility tunnel that also accommodates wired TV lines.
◆ Open space 
Non-built land inside and outside the city.
◆ Orbital space city  (Trapolis)
This research aims to create space for residential, commercial, and public facilities on the artificial ground by utilizing the railway floor that extends to places with high utility value inside the city. It can be expected to become a key point of development.
◆ Block park 
It is a park mainly intended to be used for those who live in the block, and the area of 0.25ha is set as a standard within the range of the attraction distance of 250m.
◆ Marginal settlements Refers to settlements where more than 50% of the population is 65 years old or older due to depopulation, and it is becoming difficult to maintain social communal living and settlements, including ceremonial occasions. Concept in Japan.
◆ Morphological region 
It sets standards such as building form and structure for each area, and aims to prevent sprawl and create a rational urban area with a plan.
◆ Area 
A limited range. Range of action.
◆ Public open space 
An open space or open space on the premises of a building.
◆ Compact city 
It is a model of urban policy promoted in European countries as a sustainable urban form, and is the concept of urban space. As a general rule, compactness of urban form, mixed-use and appropriate street layout, strong transportation network, environmental control, high-level urban management, etc. can be mentioned.
◆ Urban design 
City design. Design the elements that make up a complex city as a whole. A means of independent town development by local governments.
◆ Image map 
A method used in the "Image of the City" advocated by Kevin Lynch in 1960 to describe and analyze each element of image ability and public image on a map of the city.
Sturcture / Meaning> Identity Imagiabity → 1: Path 2: Edge 3: District 4: Nodes: (segment points) 5: Landmark (center)
◆ Inner city problem Occurs due to the deterioration of the living environment in the central business district of a city, resulting in a decrease in the nighttime population, a relative increase in the low-income group, and the progress of the elderly.
◆ Eco-city 
Abbreviation for ecological city. Environmentally symbiotic city.
◆ Ecotopia An experimental city considered by the Environment Agency. In order to prevent global warming, we are planning to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, use energy from solar cells and river water, use waste heat during power generation, green roofs, and permeable pavement.
◆ Utility tunnel 
A structure installed underground in a road to integrate and accommodate multiple underground buried objects such as electric wires, telephone lines, gas pipes, and water pipes.
◆ Neighborhood park 
It is a park mainly intended to be used for those who live in the neighborhood, and the area of 2ha is arranged as a standard within the range of the attraction distance of 500m.
◆ Neighborhood unit 
It is set as a planning unit of a residential area in the area where one elementary school is defined.
◆ Area classification system 
Line drawing system. Prevents chaotic urbanization.
◆ Mixed area of housing and engineering 
An area where small and medium-sized factories and houses coexist.

◆ Neighborhood unit theory 
City planning theory advocated by CA Perry.
Scale: Area corresponding to the population (10,000 people) who need one elementary school.
Boundary: Surround the area with sufficient highways to prevent transit traffic from entering the interior.
Open space: About 10% of the residential area, planning parks, recreation facilities, etc. to meet the demand of the residential area.
Public facility land: Public facilities such as elementary schools, churches, and community centers will be arranged as a group in the center of the residential area or around the public land. District store: Place one or more store districts corresponding to the population near the intersection or near the store district of the adjacent residential area.
Internal street network: A street network that eliminates currency traffic and facilitates traffic within the residential area.
◆ City amenities 
Urban comfort. The pursuit of human livability in cities such as location, climate, nature, social environment, and inhabitant temperament has come to be actively pursued from the aspects of urban studies and urban policy.
◆ Urbanization 
When viewed as a population phenomenon, it is a phenomenon in which an urban area expands spatially due to population concentration in a city. Along with this, land use will shift from rural land use to urban land use. When viewed as a forest phenomenon, it can be regarded as a change in lifestyle such as consciousness and values.
◆ Urban disaster 
Disasters caused by the perilities of highly urbanized societies.
Technical contents of city basic plan 
Land use plan, urban transportation plan, park green space plan, urban supply processing facility plan, layout plan of important facilities ◆ City plan 
Technical content related to land use, population allocation, etc., which is carried out to improve the lives of society in a certain land as a target area.
◆ City planning area 
An area designated by the prefectural governor (or the Minister of Construction if it spans two or more prefectures) as a ward presidency that needs to be comprehensively maintained, developed, and preserved as an integrated city. (According to Article 5 of the Town Planning and Zoning Act)

◆ City landscape formation model 
A city designated by the Ministry of Construction to support townscape construction that makes the most of the individuality of the city. In the model city, priority areas will be decided, and while making the best use of the historical climate and natural environment, we will develop and develop a city with a unique and beautiful townscape.
◆ Urban (district) redevelopment 
Complete rebuilding of existing urban areas to improve the constitution and rejuvenation of cities (districts).
◆ Urban facilities 
Facilities used publicly in the city. According to Article 11 of the Town Planning and Zoning Act, the following can be mentioned.
・ Roads, urban high-rise railways, parking lots, and other transportation facilities.
-Parks, green spaces, plazas, graveyards} and other public vacant lots.
・ Water services, electric public facilities, gas public facilities, sewerage, and other supply and processing facilities.
-Rivers, canals and other waterways.
・ Schools, libraries and other educational and cultural facilities.
・ Hospitals, daycare centers, and other medical and social welfare facilities. Etc. ◆ Urban dwelling 
It is an attempt to return the residential location to the city center in order to eliminate the hollowing out of the city and long-distance commuting.
◆ City (district) restoration 
City (district) part for existing urban areas ◆ City image 
Advocated by Kevin Lynch. It is possible to see the city with an image common to the inhabitants, and it is a clue to grasp the city by Imageability and to scientifically design the city. The physical elements that make up the image are classified into path, edge, district, node, and landmark.
◆ Urban waste 
Waste generated by various activities in the city. Sludge, waste oil, waste plastics, etc. generated by business activities are called industrial waste, and other garbage, etc. are general exhaust gas. In 1991, the "Act on Promotion of Utilization of Renewable Resources" was enforced, and the basic policy for effective utilization of resources and control of waste was established. The basics of waste management are to not generate waste first, and to reuse it as much as possible or reuse it as a raw material, and even if that is not possible, promote its use as energy such as heat from combustion.
◆ Urban disaster prevention 
Effective measures for cities to prevent disasters caused by the vulnerabilities of highly urbanized societies where populations and industries are concentrated.
◆ City (district) conservation 
Good city (district) for existing urban areas ◆ City master plan 
The official name is "Basic Policy on City Planning of Municipalities". With this master plan, it was positioned as a system to more concretely and finely define the overall image of the city, the city image for each region, and the development policy of public facilities. In the master plan, it is intended that the contents and the method of formulation will be determined by the ingenuity of the municipalities.
◆ Urban greening concept 
Concept of a comprehensive greening plan in which the private sector is united to restore the greenery of the city This is a shift from the conventional attitude of preserving greenery to the positive attitude of supplying greenery. The need for rooftop greening is also being called for. ◆ Land Basic Law 
A law that stipulates the basic principles of prioritizing public welfare, proper and systematic use of land, restraining speculative transactions, and appropriate burdens according to beneficiaries, and the establishment of a land policy council.
◆ Land readjustment (business) 
Business related to change of land plot characteristics and new construction or change of public facilities, which is carried out to improve the maintenance of public facilities and promote the use of residential land for the land in the city planning area.
◆ Land use plan 
A plan to make an appropriate and rational plan for the land in the planned area.
◆ Land use ratio 
Percentage of land area by land use in an area.
◆ Mol 
Originally, it refers to large tree-lined roads and green shade roads, but recently it often refers to shopping malls (shopping parks). Cars are banned from entering the park, and the park is being developed. Furthermore, when a hall or passage with an environment of greenery or water is created inside a shopping center, it is often called a mall.
◆ Use district system 
Land use classification that stipulates land use and building uses in urban areas by the Town Planning and Zoning Act and the Building Standards Act. A system that clarifies the nature of land use as a way to realize the land use that the city should have in the future, limits the use, volume, and form of buildings, and aims to protect the environment and guide land use in the area.
◆ Registered Tangible Cultural Property
It is a tangible cultural property registered in the cultural property registration ledger based on the cultural property registration system established by the revision of the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties in 1996 (Heisei 8). Initially, the registration target was limited to buildings, but due to the revision of the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties in 2004, tangible cultural properties other than buildings are also subject to registration. Most of the registered properties were built and manufactured in the modern era (after the Meiji era), but those from the Edo period are also subject to registration.