◆◆ Norman Foster

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■ Commerzbank Head Office Building

It was the world's first skyscraper with ecological architecture and later became a model for successful sustainable skyscrapers. By providing many open spaces, it effectively takes in light and natural light, creating an environment that minimizes the energy consumption of the entire building. An automatic lighting and temperature adjustment system is adopted, and each office environment (indoor lighting, temperature, ventilation, etc.) is remotely controlled by a building automation system. The existence of a four-story "Sky Garden" and a huge open courtyard provides a comfortable environment for working people.

The 53-story Commerzbank was the world's first ecological office tower and, after completion, the tallest building in Europe. This project explores the nature of the office environment and develops new ideas for its ecology and work patterns. At the heart of this concept is the reliance on the natural system of lighting and ventilation. All offices are sunny and have windows that can be opened and closed, giving residents control over their environment. As a result, energy consumption levels are half that of traditional office towers. Currently, the annual ventilation of the office is 85%. The floor plan of the building is triangular and consists of three "petals" (office floors) and a "trunk" formed by a central atrium of total height. The winter garden swirls around the atrium and is the visual and social focus of the four-story office cluster. These empty gardens outside give the building a sense of transparency and lightness. Socially, they form the center of an office village-like cluster, providing a place to meet colleagues and relax during breaks. Environmentally, it delivers bright, fresh air to the central atrium. It acts as a natural ventilation chimney in an inward-facing office. Depending on the orientation of each garden, planting takes place from one of three regions: North America, Asia, or the Mediterranean.
The tower has a prominent presence in the Frankfurt skyline, but is also secured to small urban fabrics by the restoration and sensitive reconstruction of the surrounding structure to reinforce the original scale of the block. These buildings provide shops, parking, apartments, bank halls and help build links between Commerzbank and the wider community. At the heart of the plan is the public Galleria. It is a popular pedestrian road with restaurants, cafes and space for social and cultural events. Interestingly, on the day the Commerce Bank opened, the Financial Times adopted it as a symbol of Frankfurt, just as it has the Houses of Parliament and the Eiffel Tower as symbols of London and Paris.

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◆◆ Norman Foster

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■ 30 St Mary Ax

The name of the skyscraper towering at 30 St Mary Ax Street in the City of London, the financial center of London, the capital of England. Informally, it is widely known as "The Gherkin," which means small-sized cucumbers used for pickles.
It is also sometimes referred to as the Swiss Re Headquarters Tower, the Swiss Re Headquarters Building, the Swiss Re Center, or simply the Swiss Re Headquarters, after the building's owner, Swiss Re.
The building is 180 meters (590 feet) tall, [4] and is one of the tallest buildings in London as a whole. The building was designed primarily by Pritzker Prize-winning architect Sir Norman Foster and his former colleague architect Ken Shuttleworth.

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◆◆ Renzo Piano

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■ California Academy of Sciences

The California Academy of Sciences occupies a position as a major scientific institution not only in terms of natural research, but also in implementing those studies in its architecture. Designed by Renzo Piano, it is noteworthy for its extensive network of sustainable systems. These include natural ventilation, radiant floor heating, HVAC equipment, high-performance glass, and heat recovery systems that capture and use the heat generated by reverse osmosis humidification systems. As a result of these intensive but careful systems, the building received the highest possible LEED rating, LEED Platinum, making it the largest such public building in the world.
But the most striking element that shaped the image of the facility is its huge wavy green roof. Over 2.5 acres of flora are above the building and are home to San Francisco's densest native wildflowers. It creates its own ecosystem by attracting native birds and insects. Allows natural light to pass through 90% of public spaces. It draws cold air into the square. But how do these randomly-looking elements work together to create a cohesive system? This task will focus on the green roof of CAS and how to create a dynamic system whose range of elements differs from other similar roofs. The CAS roof is noteworthy and unique because it is "living" in the following sense:
1. Expand the San Francisco ecosystem above,
2. Its huge scale and shape create a dynamic climate system.
Both above and below the roof interact to create a highly integrated system.

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◆◆ Renzo Piano

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■ California Academy of Sciences

The California Academy of Sciences occupies a position as a major scientific institution not only in terms of natural research, but also in implementing those studies in its architecture. Designed by Renzo Piano, it is noteworthy for its extensive network of sustainable systems. These include natural ventilation, radiant floor heating, HVAC equipment, high-performance glass, and heat recovery systems that capture and use the heat generated by reverse osmosis humidification systems. As a result of these intensive but careful systems, the building received the highest possible LEED rating, LEED Platinum, making it the largest such public building in the world.
But the most striking element that shaped the image of the facility is its huge wavy green roof. Over 2.5 acres of flora are above the building and are home to San Francisco's densest native wildflowers. It creates its own ecosystem by attracting native birds and insects. Allows natural light to pass through 90% of public spaces. It draws cold air into the square. But how do these randomly-looking elements work together to create a cohesive system? This task will focus on the green roof of CAS and how to create a dynamic system whose range of elements differs from other similar roofs. The CAS roof is noteworthy and unique because it is "living" in the following sense:
1. Expand the San Francisco ecosystem above,
2. Its huge scale and shape create a dynamic climate system.
Both above and below the roof interact to create a highly integrated system.

　　detail

  Photo

Ecology Architecture: Pattern 2

<Attempts to respond to environmental problems by incorporating natural products such as plants>

The main purpose is the fusion of architecture and nature. Rather than making full use of mechanical technology, it attempts ecology measures by incorporating nature. While pattern 1 has the intention of trying to control nature somehow, pattern 2 has an animistic idea that is close to the oriental sense of nature.